ON DAYDREAMS1 AND DAYDREAMING2
Imagine you are sitting on the train, checking emails on your phone. Suddenly, you realize that for a while, you haven’t been concentrating on those emails. Your thoughts were somewhere else. For example, you might have been thinking about the movie you watched last night, or about riding in a flying car. This is called daydreaming, and it is something we all do. We often daydream3 when we are sitting somewhere feeling relaxed or bored, or doing something that doesn’t require our full attention.(lines 1–6)
When people hear the word "daydreaming" they usually think of an experience that is pleasant. However, this is not always true. In some situations, daydreaming can cause us embarrassment4. Suppose, for example, that you were daydreaming during dinner with friends. Think how you would feel if you suddenly realized that people were waiting for you to pass the bowl of salad. Moreover, when our thoughts wander5 we can end up daydreaming about things that worry or upset us, like financial troubles or sad events in our lives.(lines 7–12)
However, daydreams can also have surprisingly positive effects. According to research, this can happen when we enjoy the daydream. For example, a study of office workers found that they felt refreshed6 after a short period of pleasant daydreaming, and could concentrate better on their work. Many artists and writers say daydreaming is an important part of their creative process since it helps them think of new ideas. And enjoyable daydreams have also been found to help people in times of stress or pain.(lines 13–18)
So is it possible to ensure that we have the kind of daydream that can provide these benefits? According to psychology professor Erin Westgate, who has studied daydreaming extensively7, the answer is yes. She recommends making a list of a few topics you would enjoy daydreaming about. It is important, she says, to choose ones that are both pleasant and meaningful8, such as a happy memory or a plan for the future. Then find a quiet time when you are doing some light activity, like washing the dishes or brushing your teeth. Focus on the topic you chose and then let your mind wander.(lines 19–25)
If your first attempts are not successful, don't give up. According to Prof. Westgate, daydreaming is a mental skill and developing it takes a lot of practice. So next time you are on the train, don’t take out your cellphone. Instead, just relax and guide your thoughts towards a daydream. You will be glad you did.(lines 26–29)